Improvement in coke-ovens



Z Sheets-Sheet 1.

Q n ill: I m m of R 2 n -mrlil 4 U O S m a T m W w W m Vn l N .n llll i O E u .9 W I V m u 1 EV a a V W m F my 7 m u S V 8.;STUTZ." COKE-OVEN. No. 176.379; P'atanted April18, 1876.

N. PETERS, PHOWLITHOGRAPHER. WASHINGTON. D. C.

WITNESSES 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

s. STUTZ. COKE-07V EN.

Patented Apr'11 18, 1876.

INVENTOR'. f

WITNESSES.

".PEYERS. FHOTO-UTHOGRAPHER, WRSHINGTON, D, C,

NrTnnSrArEs PATENT orrro.

SEBASTIAN STUTZ, or PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

. 'IMPROVEEIVIENT m coma-ovens.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 176,379, dated April 18, 1876; application filed March 8, 1876.

- To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SEBASTIAN STUTZ, of Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and'Improved (Joke-Oven; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same.

. My invention consists in the particular construction and arrangement of a coke-oven, which I call independentthat is, which can be erected and worked either separately or in connection with any desired number, and in which the openings and cha'mbersare so combined that part of the produced gases resulting from the coking heats the oven itself, whereas the remaining gases, usually wasted, may be collected ina reservoir, and either admitted to the boiler or puddling furnaces .for

heating them; or they may be exhausted from the reservoir, and cleaned for illuminating purposes; or theymay be let into the open air through a chimney and wasted.

Each oven is provided with one or several charging-openings,and with but one or two openings through which the coke is drawn out, and which are closed, during the operation of coking, by doors.

The reservoir which receives the waste gasesis located on the front side, below the oven. When the back ends ofv the ovens are closed they may be arranged in twolines, joined together, with their chimneys situated side by side.

The accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, represent, in

Figure 1, a vertical longitudinal section through the center of open, atJineA B of Fig. 2 Fig. 2, a front view of the oven; Fig. 3, a horizontal section, taken at the height of the air-inlets a at at line C D of Fig. 2, and Fig. 4 a vertical cross-section, taken at the lines E F G H .of Fig. 1, of a semicircular oven. In Fig. 5 is represented a vertical section, taken at z z of Fig. 6, and in Fig. 6 a horizontal section, taken at the height of the air-inlets of a rectangular oven.

The figures from 1 to 4 show views of an oven, circular and open in front, and rectangular and closed at the back 3 and Figs. 5 and 6 show an oven rectangular and open at both ends, which affords a greater surface and capaeity.

Both sides and the back of the'coking-chamher 0 are provided with open spaces or chambers S S between thgjnside lining and the outer wall, from'the'bottom to the beginning of the arch, and nearly of the entire length and Width of the coking-chamber.

the object of this arrangement being to keep the gases as long artime as possible on the side of the coking-chamber, and to secure a great solidity to thenven. By means of the separated alternating bricks. b b,- b,'""reaching from'the inside of oven across the chamber S into the outside wall, the lining. of the cokingchamber 0 is bound together with the outside wall, and the gases have to move either in a zigzag or in a diagonal way before they can pass below the bottom of the coking-chamber. The great advantage gained by the above combination is a more equal distribution of the gases, and consequently a more even heating, than in ovens with horizontal or vertical lines. 1

Below the bottom of the oven the same object, of retainingthe gases the longest time possible, is carried out.

r The arrangement of separate chambers e e e, in which the gases .coming from the side chambers S. S can freely burn before escaping into a common chamber, E'E has also the great advantage of securing more strength and solidity to that part of the oven than can be done by the flue-system.

The common chambers E E, separated by the wall it, are in direct connection with the chimney h and the reservoir R. The unburned part'of the gases may be let either into the open air, or they may be stored up into the reservoir. In the first case, the opening m, forming connection between E, and R, is closed by a damper, and the gases will take the direction to the chimney h. In the other case,

The particular. construction and arrangement of the sidecham- V, bers '8 S in a zigzag form are shown by Fig. 1,

into the open air or into the reservoir, they can be let below the coking-chamber of the neighbor oven through the opening n, Fig. 6. The charging of the oven with coal is done, as usual, from the top through the openings 0 O, which, during the operation of coking, are closed by a cover.

As no air is admitted directly into the coking-chamber itself, provision is made to introv duce the necessary amount for burning into the side chambers S S, by means of the airinlets a a. The latter can be exactly regulated by the use of the tapered plugs 1), or they may be entirely closed up. The burning of the gases in the side and bottom chambers raises the fire-proof bricks, with which the oven is lined, to a very high temperature, so that the coking process is carried out in the shortest time, and without admission of atmospheric air into the coking-chamber.

The advantage thus obtained is a much greater return of coke from the same quantity of coal. as neither coal nor coke is burned to ashes during the operation.

Another advantage of my improvement is that any'kind of repairing may be easily done without interruption of the adjoining ovens, as is the case by ovens designed to be worked in pairs.

The mode of operation of the ovens from the first starting of them is the same as usual, that is, previous to the introduction of the first charge-of; coal the inside of the ovens is heated to a temperature which will immediately ignite the quantity of gases evolving from the coal. After this, the burning gases pass around the coking-chamber, whereby the heat is completed uniformly at all points. For the further operation, the heat in the inside of the ovens is kept up to the required degree. This is done by not allowing any access of cold air, by closing the air-inlets a a, the chimney h, and the opening m, and by effecting the discharging and charging of the ovens in the shortest time possible, no additional fuel for heating being required.

In respectto the utility of the device, my object is to obtain the greatest percentage of coke from a given quantity of coal, and that this coke must be at the same time the hardest possib1ethat is, its density must beamaxim um.

The manufacture of hard coke requires a I very high temperature, and a quick operation. This I obtain by the construction of the side and bottom chambers for maintaining the gases around the coking-chamber as long as needed.

The greatest return of coke from a given quantity of coal is secured by not allowing the introduction of atmospheric air into the coking-chamber itself. No burning of coal or coke can happen, therefore, and the percent- .age of coke must be superiorto the one obtained in ovens where air is admitted.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new is- 1. The coke-oven, having an inner and outer wall upon each side, connected by single bricks b, alternating with open spaces, so as to form zigzag passages, and having bottom spaces 6 communicating with said passages, and also with the chamber E, as and for the purpose described. 1

2. The coke-oven, having side passages and SEBASTIAN STUTZ.

Witnesses:

J. W. THORNE, J OE H. MARTIN. 

